Every F1 team has reserve and test drivers — the backup squad ready to step in if needed, and the ones helping behind the scenes with car development.
What is a reserve driver?
A licensed backup driver who can replace a race driver on short notice — due to injury, illness, or disqualification.
They must:
- Hold a valid FIA Super Licence
- Be present at selected races
- Be ready to jump in with minimal notice
What is a test driver?
A broader role — often overlaps with reserve duties, but mainly focused on:
- Simulator work
- Car development
- Participating in practice sessions (like FP1)
- Supporting engineering feedback
Some test drivers are veterans. Others are young drivers climbing the ladder.
Can reserve/test drivers take part in race weekends?
Yes — under certain rules:
- Teams must run a rookie driver in at least 2 FP1 sessions per season
- Many teams use their test/reserve drivers for these sessions
- A “rookie” is defined as someone with 2 or fewer Grand Prix starts
Can a reserve driver switch teams mid-season?
Yes — if both teams and the FIA approve. For example, Mercedes and Aston Martin have shared reserve drivers in recent years.
Do all teams bring a reserve driver to every race?
Not always — some share reserves, others rely on flying someone in fast. Most top teams rotate between multiple test/reserve options.
Why are these roles important?
Because they’re part of the team’s depth and development — helping with setup, future car design, and being ready to race at a moment’s notice.
